ORTHOGONALITY AND LEAST SQUARES
 

Orthogonal Vectors
Norm
Unit Vector
Orthonormal Vectors
Orthogonal Complement
Orthogonal Projection
Cauchy-Schwarz Inequality
Angle Between Two Vectors
Gram-Schmidt Process
QR Factorialization
Transpose
Symmetric and Skew-symmetric Matrices
Orthogonal Matrices
Least Squares Solutions
Matrix of an Orthogonal Projection
Symmetric and Skew-symmetric Matrices
How to Examples Exercise
How to:
A matrix is symmetric if it is equal to its
transpose. A matrix is skew-symmetric if it is equal to the negative of its transpose.

In MATLAB, these properties look like:
     Symmetric : A == A'
     Skew-symmetric : A == -A'

    

Examples:



Exercise: